Resources
Check out an audio slideshow of a road construction project in Afghanistan. This paving project in a former hotspot for IEDs (roadside booby traps) will eventually bring commerce to the people in these isolated areas. Watch >
An aerial view of the mountainous region in Jalalabad from a helicopter confirms the treacherous and desolate landscape in the frontier regions that some have described as "moonlike." Watch >
Terror, Tribes and the Taliban Bibliography:
“Aghan Spokesman – Statement.” Russian Information Agency ITAR-TASS, October 1, 1988.
Nicholas Beeston and Anatol Lieven, “US advises Mujahidin to change war tactics; Afghanistan.” The Times (London), August 17, 1989.
John F. Burns, “The Fiercely Faithful—A special report: From Cold War, Afghans Inherit Brutal New Age.” New York Times, February 14, 1996.
John F. Burns with Steve Levine, “How Afghans’ Stern Rulers Took Hold.” New York Times, December 31, 1996.
John F. Burns, “New Rulers Won’t Ease Restrictions, Afghan Says.” New York Times, October 9, 1996.
Zbigniew Brzezinski. Power and Principle: Memoirs of the National Security Advisor, 1977-1981. (New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1985). Original date of publication: 1983.
Anna Christensen, “Soviet authorities detained two U.S. diplomats…”. United Press International, July 4, 1984.
Stephen Philip Cohen. The Idea of Pakistan. (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2004).
Steve Coll. Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, From the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001. (New York: Penguin Press, 2004).
Steve Coll, “U.S. Envoy Reassigned In Afghan Policy Clash; Diplomat Doubted Quick Guerrilla Victory.” Washington Post, August 10, 1989, p. A27.
George Crile. Charlie Wilson’s War: The Extraordinary Story of How the Wildest Man in Congress and a Rogue CIA Agent Changed the History of Our Times. (New York: Grove Press, 2003).
Dusko Doder, “Moscow Police Detain Pair of U.S. Diplomats.” Washington Post, July 5, 1984.
Colonel Algernon Durand, The Making of a Frontier: Five Years’ Experiences and Adventures in Gilgit, Hunza, Nagar, Chitral, and the Eastern Hindu- Kush (Karachi: Indus Productions, 1977) original date of publication: 1899
Barbara Elias, "Pakistan: ‘The Taliban's Godfather’?" Rev. of National Security Archive Electronic: Briefing Book No. 227. 14 Aug. 2007: 1-3.
“Foreign Ministry spokesperson on US envoy to Afghan ‘extremists’.” BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, October 4, 1988.
Arthur Garfinkle, "Afghanistanding." Orbis 43 (1999): 404-19.
“Ghost Wars: How Reagan Armed the Mujahideen in Afghanistan.” Democracy Now! June 10, 2004. http://www.democracynow.org/2004/610/ghost_wars_how_reagan_armed_the (retrieved January 15, 2009)
Mary Pat Flaherty, David B. Ottaway and James V. Grimaldi. “How Afghanistan Went Unlisted as Terrorist Sponsor.” Washington Post, November 5, 2001.
Adam Garfinkle, “’I’d Do It Again’: Talking Afghanistan with Zbigniew Brzezinski.” The American Interest 3, no. 5 (2008).
George Gedda, “U.S. Trying To Urge Rebel Restraint.” Associated Press, September 26, 1988.
Suzy Hansen. “’We stood by while this happened.’” Salon.com, March 3, 2004. (retrieved January 15, 2009)
Igor Ignatiev, “Disagreements in US Embassy in Pakistan.” Russian Information Agency ITAR-TASS, August 10, 1989.
Zalmay Khalilzad and Daniel Byman, “Afghanistan: The Consolidation of a Rogue State.” Washington Quarterly 23, no. 1 (1999): 65-78.
Dennis Kux. The United States and Pakistan, 1947-2000: Disenchanted Allies. (Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 2001).
Anatol Lieven, “CIA man blamed as US-Mujahidin links cool.” The Times (London), September 5, 1989.
Lawrence Lifschultz, “Afghanistan: Whose War Is It Anyway?” Economic and Political Weekly, December 9, 1989.
William Maley ed., Fundamentalism Reborn? Afghanistan and the Taliban (Lahore: Vanguard Books, 1988).
Daniel Markey, Securing Pakistan's Tribal Belt. (Council on Foreign Relations Press, July/August 2008).
Robert Pear, “U.S. and Afghan Guerillas Debate New Raids.” New York Times, September 25, 1988.
Hugh Pope, “Taliban, Foes Begin Afghan Peace Talks—No Quick End Seen; Much Has Changed.” Wall Street Journal, March 12, 1999, p. 1.
Robin Raphel, "Growing concern about Afghanistan affecting regional stability." Interview with John C. Reilly. On The Line. Worldnet Program. 31 July 1996.
Robin Raphel on Afghanistan to House Subcommittee, House Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific Cong. (May 9, 1996) (testimony of Robin Raphel).
Ahmed Rashid. Descent into Chaos: The United States and the Failure of Nation Building in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Central Asia. (New York: Viking, 2008).
Olivier Roy, Islam and Resistance in Afghanistan (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
Ahmed Rashid, "The Taliban: Exporting Extremism." Foreign Affairs Nov/Dec Vol: 78 (1999).
Barnett R. Rubin, The Fragmentation of Afghanistan: State Formation and Collapse in the International System (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995).
Barnett R. Rubin, The Search for Peace in Afghanistan: From Buffer State to Failed State (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995).
Gary Schroen, "The Dark Side." Interview. Frontline. PBS. Washington, DC. 20 Jan. 2006.
“Soviets briefly hold U.S. envoy at gunpoint.” San Diego Union-Tribune, December 17, 1987.
“Soviet Pullout Begins With Retreat From Jalalabad.” Associated Press, May 15, 1988.
“Soviet Troops Begin Pullout from Afghanistan.” Associated Press, May 16, 1988.
“Spokesman—Situation Regarding Afghanistan.” Russian Information Agency ITAR-TASS, September 29, 1988.
Thomas Stern, “Interview with Ambassador Teresita C. Schaffer.” The Foreign Affairs Oral History Collection of the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, (September 25, 1998), http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mfdip.2007sch01.
Ashley J. Tellis, “Understanding Pakistan’s Approach to the War on Terror”. In Pakistan and the War on Terror: Conflicted Goals, Compromised Performance (Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2008).
Peter Tomsen, “A Chance for Peace in Afghanistan: The Taliban’s Days Are Numbered.” Foreign Affairs 79, no. 1 (2000).
Peter Tomsen, “A Delicate Balance: Kabul and Provinces.” Los Angeles Times, February 24, 2002.
Peter Tomsen, "Interview: Peter Tomsen." Interview. Front Line. PBS. Washington, DC. 10 Aug. 2006.
“Two U.S. diplomats detained after talking to Soviet citizen.” San Diego Union-Tribune, July 5, 1984.
United States of America. United States Department of State. Case Number: 200104094. Review Authority: Sharon` E. Ahmad. Vol. 1995STATE243042. Washington DC: Department of State, 2004. 1-7.
United States of America. United States Department of State. INFO AMCONSUL Peshawar Priority. From: American Embassy Islamabad. Released in Part: 1.4(D) B1. B6, 28 SEP 2006. Case ID: 200400412
United States of America. Department of State. South Asian Affairs. U.S. Policy Toward Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. By Robin Raphel. Washington DC: Transcript, August 29, 1994.
“US Embassy denies plot to aid Sakharov.” Reuters. The Globe and Mail (Canada), May 5, 1984.
“US Embassy Implicated in a ‘Provocative Stratagem’.” Text of report, Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union. BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, May 7, 1984.
“Washington to Maintain Military Support for Rebels.” Russian Information Agency ITAR-TASS, August 18, 1989.
Tim Weiner, “Terror Suspect Said to Anger Afghan Hosts.” New York Times, March 4, 1999, p. A1.
Woolley, John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters, The American Presidency Project. Toasts of President Reagan and President Mobammad Zia-ul-Haq of Pakistan at the State Dinner. 7 Dec. 1982. University of California at Santa Barbara.
